Breakwaters
Posted By on September 2, 2015
The stability of the breakwaters is referred to the stone blocks on one side and to the stability of the works of breakwater as a whole, on the other. Walls of breakwater project, with functions of sustaining or containment, either it must be preceded by a thorough study of the natural terrain, to thus meet its geological nature and their geotechnical and hydrogeological, behaviors that serve to evaluate the stability of the whole. The stability of the walls of breakwater placed at road works must be verified against the main failure modes that can occur and that are: sliding, collapse, global stability and local stability. In addition, there are other failure modes that affect stability, such as the undercutting, chemical alterations or weathering, which cannot be addressed with the calculation conventional requiring more specific checks. The stability of the jetties in these cases are avoided with the proper selection of materials and the application of certain constructive criteria. In breakwater works placed each block placement performed one at a time, so that the set of breakwaters submits possible minimum voids volume, reaching high values of the apparent specific weight of the RIPRAP and favoring the stability of the wall.
The friction between the blocks that form the breakwater is a very important parameter for the stability of the wall. Behind the wall of breakwaters has a great influence on their behavior and of him depends greatly on its stability. In general, a batter has granular to materialize the particle transition between the natural terrain and the facing of RIPRAP. Addition, the composition of the stones to be used in breakwaters must be chemically stable and not give rise to solutions with water that may be susceptible to cause damage to structures or contamination of soil or water currents. Rocks destined for jetties should be stable against immersion in water. The corresponding test is indicated in the standard UNE 146510 (stability of aggregates and fragments of rock vs the) the Act of immersion). To study the possible effects of the breakwaters against changes in humidity, are carried out trials of cycles of humedad-sequedad of the stone blocks forming them, according to UNE 146511. To qualify the stability of the rock, in the essay requires a mass less than or equal to 2% loss.
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